xún荀zi子··yì议bīng兵
lín临wǔ武jūn君yǔ与sūn孙qīng卿zi子yì议bīng兵yú于zhào赵xiào孝chéng成wáng王qián前,,wáng王yuē曰::““qǐng请wèn问bīng兵yào要。。””lín临wǔ武jūn君duì对yuē曰::““shàng上dé得tiān天shí时,,xià下dé得dì地lì利,,guān观dí敌zhī之biàn变dòng动,,hòu后zhī之fā发,,xiān先zhī之zhì至,,cǐ此yòng用bīng兵zhī之yào要qiú求yě也。。””
sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““bù不rán然。。chén臣suǒ所wén闻gǔ古zhī之dào道,,fán凡yòng用bīng兵gōng攻zhàn战zhī之běn本zài在hū乎yī壹mín民。。gōng弓shǐ矢bù不diào调,,zé则yì羿bù不néng能yǐ以zhōng中wēi微;;liù六mǎ马bù不hé和,,zé则zào造fù父bù不néng能yǐ以zhì致yuǎn远;;shì士mín民bù不qīn亲fù附,,zé则tāng汤、、wǔ武bù不néng能yǐ以bì必shèng胜yě也。。gù故shàn善fù附mín民zhě者,,shì是nǎi乃shàn善yòng用bīng兵zhě者yě也。。gù故bīng兵yào要zài在hū乎shàn善fù附mín民ér而yǐ已。。””
lín临wǔ武jūn君yuē曰::““bù不rán然。。bīng兵zhī之suǒ所guì贵zhě者shì势lì利yě也,,suǒ所xíng行zhě者biàn变zhà诈yě也。。shàn善yòng用bīng兵zhě者,,gǎn感hū忽yōu悠àn暗,,mò莫zhī知qí其suǒ所cóng从chū出,,sūn孙、、wú吴yòng用zhī之,,wú无dí敌yú于tiān天xià下,,qǐ岂bì必dài待fù附mín民zāi哉!!””
sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““bù不rán然。。chén臣zhī之suǒ所dào道,,rén仁rén人zhī之bīng兵,,wáng王zhě者zhī之zhì志yě也。。jūn君zhī之suǒ所guì贵,,quán权móu谋shì势lì利yě也;;suǒ所xíng行,,gōng攻duó夺biàn变zhà诈yě也,,zhū诸hóu侯zhī之shì事yě也。。rén仁rén人zhī之bīng兵,,bù不kě可zhà诈yě也。。bǐ彼kě可zhà诈zhě者,,dài怠màn慢zhě者yě也,,lù路dǎn亶zhě者yě也,,jūn君chén臣shàng上xià下zhī之jiān间huá滑rán然yǒu有lí离dé德zhě者yě也。。gù故yǐ以jié桀zhà诈jié桀,,yóu犹qiǎo巧zhuō拙yǒu有xìng幸yān焉。。yǐ以jié桀zhà诈yáo尧,,pì譬zhī之ruò若yǐ以luǎn卵tóu投shí石,,yǐ以zhǐ指náo挠fèi沸;;ruò若fù赴shuǐ水huǒ火,,rù入yān焉jiāo焦méi没ěr耳。。gù故rén仁rén人shàng上xià下,,bǎi百jiāng将yī一xīn心,,sān三jūn军tóng同lì力;;chén臣zhī之yú于jūn君yě也,,xià下zhī之yú于shàng上yě也,,ruò若zi子zhī之shì事fù父,,dì弟zhī之shì事xiōng兄,,ruò若shǒu手bì臂zhī之gǎn扞tóu头mù目ér而fù覆xiōng胸fù腹yě也,,zhà诈ér而xí袭zhī之,,yǔ与xiān先jīng惊ér而hòu后jī击zhī之,,yī一yě也。。qiě且rén仁rén人zhī之yòng用shí十lǐ里zhī之guó国,,zé则jiāng将yǒu有bǎi百lǐ里zhī之tīng听;;yòng用bǎi百lǐ里zhī之guó国,,zé则jiāng将yǒu有qiān千lǐ里zhī之tīng听。。yòng用qiān千lǐ里zhī之guó国,,zé则jiāng将yǒu有sì四hǎi海zhī之tīng听,,bì必jiāng将cōng聪míng明jǐng警jiè戒,,hé和chuán传ér而yī一。。gù故rén仁rén人zhī之bīng兵,,jù聚zé则chéng成zú卒,,sàn散zé则chéng成liè列;;yán延zé则ruò若mò莫xié邪zhī之zhǎng长rèn刃,,yīng婴zhī之zhě者duàn断;;duì兑zé则ruò若mò莫xié邪zhī之lì利fēng锋,,dāng当zhī之zhě者kuì溃;;huán圜jū居ér而fāng方zhǐ止,,zé则ruò若pán磐shí石rán然,,chù触zhī之zhě者jiǎo角cuī摧,,àn案jiǎo角lù鹿duǒ埵、、lǒng陇zhǒng种、、dōng东lóng笼ér而tuì退ěr耳。。qiě且fū夫bào暴guó国zhī之jūn君,,jiāng将shuí谁yǔ与zhì至zāi哉??bǐ彼qí其suǒ所yǔ与zhì至zhě者,,bì必qí其mín民yě也,,ér而qí其mín民zhī之qīn亲wǒ我,,huān欢ruò若fù父mǔ母,,qí其hǎo好wǒ我,,fēn芬ruò若jiāo椒lán兰;;bǐ彼fǎn反gù顾qí其shàng上,,zé则ruò若zhuó灼qíng黥,,ruò若chóu仇chóu雠。。rén人zhī之qíng情,,suī虽jié桀、、zhí跖,,qǐ岂yòu又kěn肯wèi为qí其suǒ所è恶zéi贼qí其suǒ所hǎo好zhě者zāi哉??shì是yóu犹shǐ使rén人zhī之zi子sūn孙zì自zéi贼qí其fù父mǔ母yě也,,bǐ彼bì必jiāng将lái来gào告zhī之,,fū夫yòu又hé何kě可zhà诈yě也??gù故rén仁rén人yòng用,,guó国rì日míng明,,zhū诸hóu侯xiān先shùn顺zhě者ān安,,hòu后shùn顺zhě者wēi危,,lǜ虑dí敌zhī之zhě者xuē削,,fǎn反zhī之zhě者wáng亡。。《《shī诗》》yuē曰::‘‘wǔ武wáng王zài载fā发,,yǒu有qián虔bǐng秉yuè钺;;rú如huǒ火liè烈liè烈,,zé则mò莫wǒ我gǎn敢è遏。。’’cǐ此zhī之wèi谓yě也。。””
xiào孝chéng成wáng王、、lín临wǔ武jūn君yuē曰::““shàn善!!qǐng请wèn问wáng王zhě者zhī之bīng兵shè设hé何dào道、、hé何xíng行ér而kě可??””
sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““fán凡zài在dà大wáng王,,jiāng将lǜ率wèi未shì事yě也。。chén臣qǐng请suì遂dào道wáng王zhě者zhū诸hóu侯qiáng强ruò弱cún存wáng亡zhī之xiào效、、ān安wēi危zhī之shì势。。jūn君xián贤zhě者qí其guó国zhì治,,jūn君bù不néng能zhě者qí其guó国luàn乱;;lóng隆lǐ礼、、guì贵yì义zhě者qí其guó国zhì治,,jiǎn简lǐ礼、、jiàn贱yì义zhě者qí其guó国luàn乱。。zhì治zhě者qiáng强,,luàn乱zhě者ruò弱,,shì是qiáng强ruò弱zhī之běn本yě也。。shàng上zú足áng卬zé则xià下kě可yòng用yě也,,shàng上bù不áng卬zé则xià下bù不kě可yòng用yě也。。xià下kě可yòng用zé则qiáng强,,xià下bù不kě可yòng用zé则ruò弱,,shì是qiáng强ruò弱zhī之cháng常yě也。。lóng隆lǐ礼xiào效gōng功,,shàng上yě也;;zhòng重lù禄guì贵jié节,,cì次yě也;;shàng上gōng功jiàn贱jié节,,xià下yě也::shì是qiáng强ruò弱zhī之fán凡yě也。。hǎo好shì士zhě者qiáng强,,bù不hǎo好shì士zhě者ruò弱;;ài爱mín民zhě者qiáng强,,bù不ài爱mín民zhě者ruò弱;;zhèng政lìng令xìn信zhě者qiáng强,,zhèng政lìng令bù不xìn信zhě者ruò弱;;mín民qí齐zhě者qiáng强,,mín民bù不qí齐zhě者ruò弱;;shǎng赏zhòng重zhě者qiáng强,,shǎng赏qīng轻zhě者ruò弱;;xíng刑wēi威zhě者qiáng强,,xíng刑wǔ侮zhě者ruò弱;;xiè械yòng用bīng兵gé革gōng攻wán完biàn便lì利zhě者qiáng强,,xiè械yòng用bīng兵gé革yǔ窳hù楛bù不biàn便lì利zhě者ruò弱;;zhòng重yòng用bīng兵zhě者qiáng强,,qīng轻yòng用bīng兵zhě者ruò弱;;quán权chū出yī一zhě者qiáng强,,quán权chū出èr二zhě者ruò弱;;shì是qiáng强ruò弱zhī之cháng常yě也。。qí齐rén人lóng隆jì技jī击,,qí其jì技yě也,,dé得yī一shǒu首zhě者,,zé则cì赐shú赎zī锱jīn金,,wú无běn本shǎng赏yǐ矣。。shì是shì事xiǎo小dí敌cuì毳zé则tōu偷kě可yòng用yě也,,shì事dà大dí敌jiān坚zé则yān焉huàn涣lí离ěr耳,,ruò若fēi飞niǎo鸟rán然,,qīng倾cè侧fǎn反fù覆wú无rì日,,shì是wáng亡guó国zhī之bīng兵yě也。。bīng兵mò莫ruò弱shì是yǐ矣,,shì是qí其qù去lìn赁shì市yōng佣ér而zhàn战zhī之jǐ几yǐ矣。。wèi魏shì氏zhī之wǔ武zú卒,,yǐ以dù度qǔ取zhī之,,yī衣sān三shǔ属zhī之jiǎ甲,,cāo操shí十èr二shí石zhī之nǔ弩,,fù负fú服shǐ矢wǔ五shí十gè个,,zhì置gē戈qí其shàng上,,guān冠dài带jiàn剑,,yíng赢sān三rì日zhī之liáng粮,,rì日zhōng中ér而qū趋bǎi百lǐ里。。zhōng中shì试zé则fù复qí其hù户,,lì利qí其tián田zhái宅,,shì是shù数nián年ér而shuāi衰ér而wèi未kě可duó夺yě也,,gǎi改zào造zé则bù不yì易zhōu周yě也,,shì是gù故dì地suī虽dà大qí其shuì税bì必guǎ寡,,shì是wēi危guó国zhī之bīng兵yě也。。qín秦rén人qí其shēng生mín民yě也xiá陿è阸,,qí其shǐ使mín民yě也kù酷liè烈,,jié劫zhī之yǐ以shì势,,yǐn隐zhī之yǐ以è阸,,niǔ忸zhī之yǐ以qìng庆shǎng赏,,qiū䲡zhī之yǐ以xíng刑fá罚,,shǐ使tiān天xià下zhī之mín民suǒ所yǐ以yào要lì利yú于shàng上zhě者,,fēi非dòu斗wú无yóu由yě也。。è阸ér而yòng用zhī之,,dé得ér而hòu后gōng功zhī之,,gōng功shǎng赏xiāng相zhǎng长yě也。。wǔ五jiǎ甲shǒu首ér而lì隶wǔ五jiā家,,shì是zuì最wèi为zhòng众qiáng强zhǎng长jiǔ久,,duō多dì地yǐ以zhèng正。。gù故sì四shì世yǒu有shèng胜,,fēi非xìng幸yě也,,shù数yě也。。gù故qí齐zhī之jì技jī击bù不kě可yǐ以yù遇wèi魏shì氏zhī之wǔ武zú卒,,wèi魏shì氏zhī之wǔ武zú卒bù不kě可yǐ以yù遇qín秦zhī之ruì锐shì士,,qín秦zhī之ruì锐shì士bù不kě可yǐ以dāng当huán桓、、wén文zhī之jié节zhì制,,huán桓、、wén文zhī之jié节zhì制bù不kě可yǐ以dí敌tāng汤、、wǔ武zhī之rén仁yì义,,yǒu有yù遇zhī之zhě者,,ruò若yǐ以jiāo焦áo熬tóu投shí石yān焉。。jiān兼shì是shù数guó国zhě者,,jiē皆gàn干shǎng赏dǎo蹈lì利zhī之bīng兵yě也,,yōng佣tú徒yù鬻mài卖zhī之dào道yě也,,wèi未yǒu有guì贵shàng上、、ān安zhì制、、qí綦jié节zhī之lǐ理yě也,,zhū诸hóu侯yǒu有néng能wēi微miào妙zhī之yǐ以jié节,,zé则zuò作ér而jiān兼dài殆zhī之ěr耳!!gù故zhāo招jìn近mù募xuǎn选,,lóng隆shì势zhà诈,,shàng尚gōng功lì利,,shì是jiàn渐zhī之yě也;;lǐ礼yì义jiào教huà化,,shì是qí齐zhī之yě也。。gù故yǐ以zhà诈yù遇zhà诈,,yóu犹yǒu有qiǎo巧zhuō拙yān焉;;yǐ以zhà诈yù遇qí齐,,pì辟zhī之yóu犹yǐ以zhuī锥dāo刀duò堕tài太shān山yě也,,fēi非tiān天xià下zhī之yú愚rén人mò莫gǎn敢shì试。。gù故wáng王zhě者zhī之bīng兵bù不shì试,,tāng汤、、wǔ武zhī之zhū诛jié桀、、zhòu纣yě也,,gǒng拱yì挹zhǐ指huī麾,,ér而qiáng强bào暴zhī之guó国mò莫bù不qū趋shǐ使,,zhū诛jié桀、、zhòu纣ruò若zhū诛dú独fū夫。。gù故《《tài泰shì誓》》yuē曰::‘‘dú独fū夫zhòu纣’’,,cǐ此zhī之wèi谓yě也。。gù故bīng兵dà大qí齐zé则zhì制tiān天xià下,,xiǎo小qí齐zé则zhì治lín邻dí敌,,ruò若fū夫zhāo招jìn近mù募xuǎn选,,lóng隆shì势zhà诈,,shàng尚gōng功lì利zhī之bīng兵,,zé则shèng胜bù不shèng胜wú无cháng常,,dài代xī翕dài代zhāng张,,dài代cún存dài代wáng亡,,xiāng相wèi为cí雌xióng雄ěr耳yǐ矣。。fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓dào盗bīng兵,,jūn君zi子bù不yóu由yě也。。gù故qí齐zhī之tián田dān单,,chǔ楚zhī之zhuāng庄??,,qín秦zhī之wèi卫yāng鞅,,yàn燕zhī之móu缪jǐ虮,,shì是jiē皆shì世sú俗zhī之suǒ所wèi谓shàn善yòng用bīng兵zhě者yě也,,shì是qí其qiǎo巧zhuō拙qiáng强ruò弱zé则wèi未yǒu有yǐ以xiāng相jūn君yě也,,ruò若qí其dào道yī一yě也,,wèi未jí及hé和qí齐yě也,,jǐ掎qì契sī司zhà诈,,quán权móu谋qīng倾fù覆,,wèi未miǎn免dào盗bīng兵yě也。。qí齐huán桓、、jìn晋wén文、、chǔ楚zhuāng庄、、wú吴hé阖lǘ闾、、yuè越gōu勾jiàn践,,shì是jiē皆hé和qí齐zhī之bīng兵yě也,,kě可wèi谓rù入qí其yù域yǐ矣,,rán然ér而wèi未yǒu有běn本tǒng统yě也;;gù故kě可yǐ以bà霸ér而bù不kě可yǐ以wáng王,,shì是qiáng强ruò弱zhī之xiào效yě也。。””
xiào孝chéng成wáng王、、lín临wǔ武jūn君yuē曰::““shàn善!!qǐng请wèn问wèi为jiāng将。。””
sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““zhī知mò莫dà大hū乎qì弃yí疑,,xíng行mò莫dà大hū乎wú无guò过,,shì事mò莫dà大hū乎wú无huǐ悔。。shì事zhì至wú无huǐ悔ér而zhǐ止yǐ矣,,chéng成bù不kě可bì必yě也。。gù故zhì制hào号zhèng政lìng令,,yù欲yán严yǐ以wēi威;;qìng庆shǎng赏xíng刑fá罚,,yù欲bì必yǐ以xìn信;;chù处shě舍shōu收zāng臧,,yù欲zhōu周yǐ以gù固;;xǐ徙jǔ举jìn进tuì退,,yù欲ān安yǐ以zhòng重,,yù欲jí疾yǐ以sù速;;kuī窥dí敌guān观biàn变,,yù欲qián潜yǐ以shēn深,,yù欲wǔ伍yǐ以cān参;;yù遇dí敌jué决zhàn战,,bì必dào道wú吾suǒ所míng明,,wú无dào道wú吾suǒ所yí疑::fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓liù六shù术。。wú无yù欲jiāng将ér而è恶fèi废,,wú无jí急shèng胜ér而wàng忘bài败,,wú无wēi威nèi内ér而qīng轻wài外,,wú无jiàn见qí其lì利ér而bù不gù顾qí其hài害,,fán凡lǜ虑shì事yù欲shú孰ér而yòng用cái财yù欲tài泰::fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓wǔ五quán权。。suǒ所yǐ以bù不shòu受mìng命yú于zhǔ主yǒu有sān三::kě可shā杀ér而bù不kě可shǐ使chù处bù不wán完,,kě可shā杀ér而bù不kě可shǐ使jī击bù不shèng胜,,kě可shā杀ér而bù不kě可shǐ使qī欺bǎi百xìng姓,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓sān三zhì至。。fán凡shòu受mìng命yú于zhǔ主ér而xíng行sān三jūn军,,sān三jūn军jì既dìng定,,bǎi百guān官dé得xù序,,qún群wù物jiē皆zhèng正,,zé则zhǔ主bù不néng能xǐ喜,,dí敌bù不néng能nù怒,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓zhì至chén臣。。lǜ虑bì必xiān先shì事ér而shēn申zhī之yǐ以jìng敬,,shèn慎zhōng终rú如shǐ始,,zhōng终shǐ始rú如yī一,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓dà大jí吉。。fán凡bǎi百shì事zhī之chéng成yě也bì必zài在jìng敬zhī之,,qí其bài败yě也bì必zài在màn慢zhī之,,gù故jìng敬shèng胜dài怠zé则jí吉,,dài怠shèng胜jìng敬zé则miè灭,,jì计shèng胜yù欲zé则cóng从,,yù欲shèng胜jì计zé则xiōng凶。。zhàn战rú如shǒu守,,xíng行rú如zhàn战,,yǒu有gōng功rú如xìng幸,,jìng敬móu谋wú无kuàng圹,,jìng敬shì事wú无kuàng圹,,jìng敬lì吏wú无kuàng圹,,jìng敬zhòng众wú无kuàng圹,,jìng敬dí敌wú无kuàng圹,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓wǔ五wú无kuàng圹。。shèn慎xíng行cǐ此liù六shù术、、wǔ五quán权、、sān三zhì至,,ér而chù处zhī之yǐ以gōng恭jìng敬wú无kuàng圹,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓tiān天xià下zhī之jiāng将,,zé则tōng通yú于shén神míng明yǐ矣。。””
lín临wǔ武jūn君yuē曰::““shàn善!!qǐng请wèn问wáng王zhě者zhī之jūn军zhì制。。””
sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““jiāng将sǐ死gǔ鼓,,yù御sǐ死pèi辔,,bǎi百lì吏sǐ死zhí职,,shì士dà大fū夫sǐ死xíng行liè列,,wén闻gǔ鼓shēng声ér而jìn进,,wén闻jīn金shēng声ér而tuì退,,shùn顺mìng命wèi为shàng上,,yǒu有gōng功cì次zhī之;;lìng令bù不jìn进ér而jìn进,,yóu犹lìng令bù不tuì退ér而tuì退yě也,,qí其zuì罪wéi惟jūn均。。bù不shā杀lǎo老ruò弱,,bù不liè躐hé禾jià稼,,fú服zhě者bù不qín禽,,gé格zhě者bù不shě舍,,bēn犇mìng命zhě者bù不huò获。。fán凡zhū诛,,fēi非zhū诛qí其bǎi百xìng姓yě也,,zhū诛qí其luàn乱bǎi百xìng姓zhě者yě也;;bǎi百xìng姓yǒu有gǎn扞qí其zéi贼,,zé则shì是yì亦zéi贼yě也。。yǐ以gù故shùn顺rèn刃zhě者shēng生,,sū苏rèn刃zhě者sǐ死,,bēn犇mìng命zhě者gòng贡。。wēi微zi子kāi开fēng封yú于sòng宋;;cáo曹chù触lóng龙duàn断yú于jūn军;;yīn殷zhī之fú服mín民,,suǒ所yǐ以yǎng养shēng生zhī之zhě者yě也,,wú无yì异zhōu周rén人。。gù故jìn近zhě者gē歌ōu讴ér而lè乐zhī之,,yuǎn远zhě者jié竭jué蹶ér而qū趋zhī之,,wú无yōu幽xián闲pì辟lòu陋zhī之guó国,,mò莫bù不qū趋shǐ使ér而ān安lè乐zhī之,,sì四hǎi海zhī之nèi内ruò若yī一jiā家,,tōng通dá达zhī之shǔ属mò莫bù不cóng从fú服,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓rén人shī师。。《《shī诗》》yuē曰::““zì自xī西zì自dōng东,,zì自nán南zì自běi北,,wú无sī思bù不fú服。。””cǐ此zhī之wèi谓yě也。。wáng王zhě者yǒu有zhū诛ér而wú无zhàn战,,chéng城shǒu守bù不gōng攻,,bīng兵gé格bù不jī击。。shàng上xià下xiāng相xǐ喜zé则qìng庆zhī之。。bù不tú屠chéng城,,bù不qián潜jūn军,,bù不liú留zhòng众,,shī师bù不yuè越shí时,,gù故luàn乱zhě者lè乐qí其zhèng政,,bù不ān安qí其shàng上,,yù欲qí其zhì至yě也。。””
lín临wǔ武jūn君yuē曰::““shàn善!!””
chén陈xiāo嚣wèn问sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““xiān先shēng生yì议bīng兵,,cháng常yǐ以rén仁yì义wèi为běn本。。rén仁zhě者ài爱rén人,,yì义zhě者xún循lǐ理,,rán然zé则yòu又hé何yǐ以bīng兵wèi为??fán凡suǒ所wèi为yǒu有bīng兵zhě者,,wèi为zhēng争duó夺yě也。。””
sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““fēi非nǚ女suǒ所zhī知yě也。。bǐ彼rén仁zhě者ài爱rén人,,ài爱rén人,,gù故è恶rén人zhī之hài害zhī之yě也;;yì义zhě者xún循lǐ理,,xún循lǐ理gù故è恶rén人zhī之luàn乱zhī之yě也。。bǐ彼bīng兵zhě者,,suǒ所yǐ以jìn禁bào暴chú除hài害yě也,,fēi非zhēng争duó夺yě也。。gù故rén仁rén人zhī之bīng兵,,suǒ所cún存zhě者shén神,,suǒ所guò过zhě者huà化,,ruò若shí时yǔ雨zhī之jiàng降,,mò莫bù不shuō说xǐ喜。。shì是yǐ以yáo尧fá伐huān欢dōu兜,,shùn舜fá伐yǒu有miáo苗,,yǔ禹fá伐gòng共gōng工,,tāng汤fá伐yǒu有xià夏,,wén文wáng王fá伐chóng崇,,wǔ武wáng王fá伐zhòu纣,,cǐ此sì四dì帝、、liǎng两wáng王jiē皆yǐ以rén仁yì义zhī之bīng兵xíng行yú于tiān天xià下yě也。。gù故jìn近zhě者qīn亲qí其shàn善,,yuǎn远fāng方mù慕qí其dé德;;bīng兵bù不xuè血rèn刃,,yuǎn远ěr迩lái来fú服,,dé德shèng盛yú于cǐ此,,shī施jí及sì四jí极。。《《shī诗》》yuē曰::‘‘shū淑rén人jūn君zi子,,qí其yí仪bù不tè忒,,。。’’cǐ此zhī之wèi谓yě也。。””
lǐ李sī斯wèn问sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““qín秦sì四shì世yǒu有shèng胜,,bīng兵qiáng强hǎi海nèi内,,wēi威xíng行zhū诸hóu侯,,fēi非yǐ以rén仁yì义wèi为zhī之yě也,,yǐ以biàn便cóng从shì事ér而yǐ已。。””
sūn孙qīng卿zi子yuē曰::““fēi非nǚ女suǒ所zhī知yě也。。nǚ女suǒ所wèi谓biàn便zhě者,,bù不biàn便zhī之biàn便yě也;;wú吾suǒ所wèi谓rén仁yì义zhě者,,dà大biàn便zhī之biàn便yě也。。bǐ彼rén仁yì义zhě者,,suǒ所yǐ以xiū修zhèng政zhě者yě也,,zhèng政xiū修zé则mín民qīn亲qí其shàng上,,lè乐qí其jūn君,,ér而qīng轻wèi为zhī之sǐ死。。gù故yuē曰::fán凡zài在yú于jūn君,,jiāng将lǜ率,,mò末shì事yě也。。qín秦sì四shì世yǒu有shèng胜,,xǐ諰xǐ諰rán然cháng常kǒng恐tiān天xià下zhī之yī一hé合ér而yà轧jǐ己yě也,,cǐ此suǒ所wèi谓mò末shì世zhī之bīng兵,,wèi未yǒu有běn本tǒng统yě也。。gù故tāng汤zhī之fàng放jié桀yě也,,fēi非qí其zhú逐zhī之míng鸣tiáo条zhī之shí时yě也;;wǔ武wáng王zhī之zhū诛zhòu纣yě也,,fēi非yǐ以jiǎ甲zi子zhī之cháo朝ér而hòu后shèng胜zhī之yě也。。jiē皆qián前xíng行sù素xiū修yě也,,cǐ此suǒ所wèi谓rén仁yì义zhī之bīng兵yě也。。jīn今nǚ女bù不qiú求zhī之yú于běn本ér而suǒ索zhī之yú于mò末,,cǐ此shì世zhī之suǒ所yǐ以luàn乱yě也。。
lǐ礼zhě者,,zhì治biàn辨zhī之jí极yě也,,qiáng强gù固zhī之běn本yě也,,wēi威xíng行zhī之dào道yě也,,gōng功míng名zhī之zǒng总yě也。。wáng王gōng公yóu由zhī之,,suǒ所yǐ以dé得tiān天xià下yě也,,bù不yóu由,,suǒ所yǐ以yǔn陨shè社jì稷yě也。。gù故jiān坚jiǎ甲lì利bīng兵bù不zú足yǐ以wèi为shèng胜,,gāo高chéng城shēn深chí池bù不zú足yǐ以wèi为gù固,,yán严lìng令fán繁xíng刑bù不zú足yǐ以wèi为wēi威,,yóu由qí其dào道zé则xíng行,,bù不yóu由qí其dào道zé则fèi废。。chǔ楚rén人jiāo鲛gé革、、xī犀sì兕yǐ以wèi为jiǎ甲,,gé鞈rú如jīn金shí石;;wǎn宛jù钜tiě铁shī釶,,cǎn惨rú如fēng蜂chài虿;;qīng轻lì利piào僄sù遬,,zú卒rú如piāo飘fēng风,,rán然ér而bīng兵dài殆yú于chuí垂shā沙,,táng唐miè蔑sǐ死,,zhuāng庄qǐ起,,chǔ楚fēn分ér而wèi为sān三sì四。。shì是qǐ岂wú无jiān坚jiǎ甲lì利bīng兵yě也zāi哉??qí其suǒ所yǐ以tǒng统zhī之zhě者fēi非qí其dào道gù故yě也。。rǔ汝、、yǐng颍yǐ以wèi为xiǎn险,,jiāng江、、hàn汉yǐ以wèi为chí池,,xiàn限zhī之yǐ以dèng邓lín林,,yuán缘zhī之yǐ以fāng方chéng城,,rán然ér而qín秦shī师zhì至ér而yān鄢、、yǐng郢jǔ举,,ruò若zhèn振gǎo槁rán然。。shì是qǐ岂wú无gù固sāi塞ài隘zǔ阻yě也zāi哉??qí其suǒ所yǐ以tǒng统zhī之zhě者fēi非qí其dào道gù故yě也。。zhòu纣kū刳bǐ比gàn干,,qiú囚jī箕zi子,,wèi为pào炮lào烙xíng刑;;shā杀lù戮wú无shí时,,chén臣xià下lǐn懔rán然mò莫bì必qí其mìng命,,rán然ér而zhōu周shī师zhì至ér而lìng令bù不xíng行hū乎xià下,,bù不néng能yòng用qí其mín民。。shì是qǐ岂lìng令bù不yán严、、xíng刑bù不fán繁yě也zāi哉??qí其suǒ所yǐ以tǒng统zhī之zhě者fēi非qí其dào道gù故yě也。。gǔ古zhī之bīng兵,,gē戈、、máo矛、、gōng弓、、shǐ矢ér而yǐ已yǐ矣,,rán然ér而dí敌guó国bù不dài待shì试ér而qū诎;;chéng城guō郭bù不biàn辨,,gōu沟chí池bù不qián拑,,gù固sāi塞bù不shù树,,jī机biàn变bù不zhāng张,,rán然ér而guó国yàn晏rán然bù不wèi畏wài外ér而míng明nèi内zhě者,,wú无tā它gù故yān焉,,míng明dào道ér而jūn钧fēn分zhī之,,shí时shǐ使ér而chéng诚ài爱zhī之,,xià下zhī之hé和shàng上yě也rú如yǐng影xiǎng响,,yǒu有bù不yóu由lìng令zhě者rán然hòu后zhū诛zhī之yǐ以xíng刑。。gù故xíng刑yī一rén人ér而tiān天xià下fú服,,zuì罪rén人bù不yóu邮qí其shàng上,,zhī知zuì罪zhī之zài在jǐ己yě也;;shì是gù故xíng刑fá罚shěng省ér而wēi威liú流,,wú无tā它gù故yān焉,,yóu由qí其dào道gù故yě也。。gǔ古zhě者dì帝yáo尧zhī之zhì治tiān天xià下yě也。。gài盖shā杀yī一rén人、、xíng刑èr二rén人ér而tiān天xià下zhì治。。chuán传yuē曰::‘‘wēi威lì厉ér而bù不shì试,,xíng刑cuò错ér而bù不yòng用。。’’cǐ此zhī之wèi谓yě也。。
fán凡rén人zhī之dòng动yě也,,wèi为shǎng赏qìng庆wèi为zhī之zé则jiàn见hài害shāng伤yān焉zhǐ止yǐ矣。。gù故shǎng赏qìng庆xíng刑fá罚shì势zhà诈bù不zú足yǐ以jǐn尽rén人zhī之lì力,,zhì致rén人zhī之sǐ死。。wèi为rén人zhǔ主shàng上zhě者yě也,,qí其suǒ所yǐ以jiē接xià下zhī之bǎi百xìng姓zhě者,,wú无lǐ礼zhōng忠xìn信,,yān焉lǜ虑lǜ率yòng用shǎng赏qìng庆xíng刑fá罚shì势zhà诈xiǎn险è阸qí其xià下,,huò获qí其gōng功yòng用ér而yǐ已yǐ矣。。dà大kòu寇zé则zhì至,,shǐ使zhī之chí持wēi危chéng城zé则bì必pàn畔,,yù遇dí敌chù处zhàn战zé则bì必běi北,,láo劳kǔ苦fán烦rǔ辱zé则bì必bēn奔,,huò霍yān焉lí离ěr耳,,xià下fǎn反zhì制qí其shàng上。。gù故shǎng赏qìng庆xíng刑fá罚shì势zhà诈zhī之wèi为dào道zhě者,,yōng佣tú徒zhōu粥mài卖zhī之dào道yě也,,bù不zú足yǐ以hé合dà大zhòng众,,měi美guó国jiā家,,gù故gǔ古zhī之rén人xiū羞ér而bù不dào道yě也。。gù故hòu厚dé德yīn音yǐ以xiān先zhī之,,míng明lǐ礼yì义yǐ以dào道zhī之,,zhì致zhōng忠xìn信yǐ以ài爱zhī之,,shàng尚xián贤shǐ使néng能yǐ以cì次zhī之,,jué爵fú服qìng庆shǎng赏yǐ以shēn申zhī之,,shí时qí其shì事,,qīng轻qí其rèn任yǐ以diào调qí齐zhī之,,zhǎng长yǎng养zhī之,,rú如bǎo保chì赤zi子,,zhèng政lìng令yǐ以dìng定,,fēng风sú俗yǐ以yī一。。yǒu有lí离sú俗bù不shùn顺qí其shàng上,,zé则bǎi百xìng姓mò莫bù不dūn敦è恶,,mò莫bù不dú毒niè孽,,ruò若fú祓bù不xiáng祥,,rán然hòu后xíng刑yú于shì是qǐ起yǐ矣。。shì是dà大xíng刑zhī之suǒ所jiā加yě也,,rǔ辱shú孰dà大yān焉??jiāng将yǐ以wèi为lì利xié邪??zé则dà大xíng刑jiā加yān焉。。shēn身gǒu苟bù不kuáng狂huò惑gàng戆lòu陋,,shuí谁dǔ睹shì是ér而bù不gǎi改yě也zāi哉!!rán然hòu后bǎi百xìng姓xiǎo晓rán然jiē皆zhī知xiū修shàng上zhī之fǎ法,,xiàng像shàng上zhī之zhì志ér而ān安lè乐zhī之,,yú于shì是yǒu有néng能huà化shàn善、、xiū修shēn身、、zhèng正xíng行、、jī积lǐ礼yì义、、zūn尊dào道dé德,,bǎi百xìng姓mò莫bù不guì贵jìng敬,,mò莫bù不qīn亲yù誉,,rán然hòu后shǎng赏yú于shì是qǐ起yǐ矣。。shì是gāo高jué爵fēng丰lù禄zhī之suǒ所jiā加yě也,,róng荣shú孰dà大yān焉??jiāng将yǐ以wèi为hài害xié邪??zé则gāo高jué爵fēng丰lù禄yǐ以chí持yǎng养zhī之,,shēng生mín民zhī之shǔ属,,shú孰bù不yuàn愿yě也。。diāo雕diāo雕yān焉xiàn县guì贵jué爵zhòng重shǎng赏yú于qí其qián前,,xiàn县míng明xíng刑dà大rǔ辱yú于qí其hòu后,,suī虽yù欲wú无huà化,,néng能hū乎zāi哉??gù故mín民guī归zhī之rú如liú流shuǐ水,,suǒ所cún存zhě者shén神,,suǒ所wèi为zhě者huà化。。ér而shùn顺,,bào暴hàn悍yǒng勇lì力zhī之shǔ属wèi为zhī之huà化ér而yuàn愿,,páng旁pì辟qū曲sī私zhī之shǔ属wèi为zhī之huà化ér而gōng公,,jīn矜jiū纠shōu收liáo缭zhī之shǔ属wèi为zhī之huà化ér而diào调,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓dà大huà化zhì至yī一。。《《shī诗》》yuē曰::‘‘wáng王yóu犹yǔn允sāi塞,,xú徐fāng方jì既lái来。。’’cǐ此zhī之wèi谓yě也。。
fán凡jiān兼rén人zhě者yǒu有sān三shù术::yǒu有yǐ以dé德jiān兼rén人zhě者,,yǒu有yǐ以lì力jiān兼rén人zhě者,,yǒu有yǐ以fù富jiān兼rén人zhě者。。bǐ彼guì贵wǒ我míng名shēng声,,měi美wǒ我dé德xíng行,,yù欲wèi为wǒ我mín民,,gù故pì辟mén门chú除tú涂yǐ以yíng迎wú吾rù入,,yīn因qí其mín民,,xí袭qí其chù处,,ér而bǎi百xìng姓jiē皆ān安,,lì立fǎ法shī施lìng令mò莫bù不shùn顺bǐ比。。shì是gù故dé得dì地ér而quán权mí弥zhòng重,,jiān兼rén人ér而bīng兵yú俞qiáng强,,shì是yǐ以dé德jiān兼rén人zhě者yě也。。fēi非guì贵wǒ我míng名shēng声yě也,,fēi非měi美wǒ我dé德xíng行yě也,,bǐ彼wèi畏wǒ我wēi威,,jié劫wǒ我shì势,,gù故mín民suī虽yǒu有lí离xīn心,,bù不gǎn敢yǒu有pàn畔lǜ虑,,ruò若shì是,,zé则róng戎jiǎ甲yú俞zhòng众,,fèng奉yǎng养bì必fèi费。。shì是gù故dé得dì地ér而quán权mí弥qīng轻,,jiān兼rén人ér而bīng兵yú俞ruò弱,,shì是yǐ以lì力jiān兼rén人zhě者yě也。。fēi非guì贵wǒ我míng名shēng声yě也,,fēi非měi美wǒ我dé德xíng行yě也,,yòng用pín贫qiú求fù富,,yòng用jī饥qiú求bǎo饱,,xū虚fù腹zhāng张kǒu口lái来guī归wǒ我shí食;;ruò若shì是,,zé则bì必fā发fū夫zhǎng掌jiào窌zhī之sù粟yǐ以shí食zhī之,,wěi委zhī之cái财huò货yǐ以fù富zhī之,,lì立liáng良yǒu有sī司yǐ以jiē接zhī之,,yǐ已jī朞sān三nián年,,rán然hòu后mín民kě可xìn信yě也。。shì是gù故dé得dì地ér而quán权mí弥qīng轻,,jiān兼rén人ér而guó国yú俞pín贫,,shì是yǐ以fù富jiān兼rén人zhě者yě也。。gù故yuē曰::yǐ以dé德jiān兼rén人zhě者wáng王,,yǐ以lì力jiān兼rén人zhě者ruò弱,,yǐ以fù富jiān兼rén人zhě者pín贫。。gǔ古jīn今yī一yě也。。
jiān兼bìng并yì易néng能yě也,,wéi唯jiān坚níng凝zhī之nán难yān焉。。qí齐néng能bìng并sòng宋ér而bù不néng能níng凝yě也,,gù故wèi魏duó夺zhī之;;yàn燕néng能bìng并qí齐ér而bù不néng能níng凝yě也,,gù故tián田dān单duó夺zhī之;;hán韩zhī之shàng上dì地,,fāng方shù数bǎi百lǐ里,,wán完quán全fù富zú足ér而qū趋zhào赵,,zhào赵bù不néng能níng凝yě也,,gù故qín秦duó夺zhī之。。gù故néng能bìng并zhī之ér而bù不néng能níng凝,,zé则bì必duó夺;;bù不néng能bìng并zhī之yòu又bù不néng能níng凝qí其yǒu有,,zé则bì必wáng亡。。néng能níng凝zhī之,,zé则bì必néng能bìng并zhī之yǐ矣。。dé得zhī之zé则níng凝,,jiān兼bìng并wú无qiáng强。。gǔ古zhě者tāng汤yǐ以báo薄,,wǔ武wáng王yǐ以hào滈,,jiē皆bǎi百lǐ里zhī之dì地yě也,,tiān天xià下wèi为yī一,,zhū诸hóu侯wèi为chén臣,,wú无tā它gù故yān焉,,néng能níng凝zhī之yě也。。gù故níng凝shì士yǐ以lǐ礼,,níng凝mín民yǐ以zhèng政;;lǐ礼xiū修ér而shì士fú服,,zhèng政píng平ér而mín民ān安,,shì士fú服mín民ān安,,fū夫shì是zhī之wèi谓dà大níng凝。。yǐ以shǒu守zé则gù固,,yǐ以zhēng征zé则qiáng强,,lìng令xíng行jìn禁zhǐ止,,wáng王zhě者zhī之shì事bì毕yǐ矣。。””